Product Description
Methanol, also known as wood alcohol, is an organic compound and the simplest saturated monohydric alcohol. It is a colorless, clear, flammable, volatile, and toxic liquid with a slight alcoholic odor. Ingestion of 5–10 mL may cause blindness, while consuming larger quantities can be fatal.
At room temperature, methanol is generally non-corrosive to most metals, except for lead and aluminum. Its key physical properties include a relative density of 0.792 (20/4°C), melting point of -97.8°C, boiling point of 64.5°C, flash point of 12.22°C, and autoignition point of 463.89°C. It has a vapor density of 1.11, vapor pressure of 13.33 kPa (100 mmHg at 21.2°C), and an explosive limit in air of 6–36.5% by volume.
Methanol is completely miscible with water, ethanol, ether, benzene, ketones, halogenated hydrocarbons, and many other organic solvents, making it highly versatile in industrial use. It is commonly used as a solvent, antifreeze, fuel, or neutralizing agent.
Chemical Properties
| Melting point | -98 °C(lit.) |
| Boiling point | 65.4 °C(lit.) |
| density | 0.791 g/mL at 25 °C |
| vapor density | 1.11 (vs air) |
| vapor pressure | 410 mm Hg ( 50 °C) |
| refractive index | n20/D 1.329(lit.) |
| Fp | 52 °F |
| storage temp. | 2-8°C |
| solubility | benzene: miscible(lit.) |
| pka | 15.2(at 25℃) |
| form | Liquid Free From Particulates |
| color | <10(APHA) |
| Specific Gravity | 0.793 (20/20℃) |
| Relative polarity | 0.762 |
| Odor | Faint alcohol odor detectable at 4 to 6000 ppm (mean = 160 ppm) |
| explosive limit | 5.5-44%(V) |
| Odor Threshold | 33ppm |
| Water Solubility | miscible |
| λmax | λ: 210 nm Amax: 0.50 |
| λ: 220 nm Amax: 0.30 | |
| λ: 230 nm Amax: 0.15 | |
| λ: 235 nm Amax: 0.10 | |
| λ: 240 nm Amax: 0.05 | |
| λ: 260 nm Amax: 0.01 | |
| λ: 400 nm Amax: 0.01 | |
| Merck | 145957 |
| BRN | 1098229 |
| Henry's Law Constant | 4.99 at 25 °C (headspace-GC, Gupta et al., 2000) |
| Exposure limits | TLV-TWA (200 ppm) (ACGIH), 260mg/m3, 1040mg/m3 (800 ppm) 15minutes (NIOSH); STEL 310mg/m3 (250 ppm); IDLH 25,000 ppm (NIOSH). |
| Dielectric constant | 33.6（20℃） |
| LogP | -0.77 |
| CAS DataBase Reference | 67-56-1(CAS DataBase Reference) |
| NIST Chemistry Reference | Methyl alcohol(67-56-1) |
| EPA Substance Registry System | Methanol (67-56-1) |
Safety Information
| Hazard Codes | Xn,T,F |
| Risk Statements | 10-20/21/22-68/20/21/22-39/23/24/25-23/24/25-11-40-36-36/38-23/25 |
| Safety Statements | 36/37-7-45-16-24/25-23-24-26 |
| RIDADR | UN 1170 3/PG 2 |
| WGK Germany | 1 |
| RTECS | PC1400000 |
| F | 46091 |
| Autoignition Temperature | 385 °C |
| TSCA | Yes |
| HS Code | 2905 11 00 |
| HazardClass | 3 |
| PackingGroup | II |
| Hazardous Substances Data | 67-56-1(Hazardous Substances Data) |
| Toxicity | LD50 oral (rat) |
| 5628 mg/kg | |
| LD50 skin (rabbit) | |
| 15,840 mg/kg | |
| LC50 inhal (rat) | |
| >145,000 ppm (1 h) | |
| PEL (OSHA) | |
| 200 ppm (260 mg/m3) | |
| TLV-TWA (ACGIH) | |
| 200 ppm (260 mg/m3)—skin | |
| STEL (ACGIH) | |
| 250 ppm (328 mg/m3) | |
| IDLA | 6,000 ppm |
Product Applications
Methanol has a wide range of applications and serves as both a basic organic chemical raw material and a high-quality fuel. It is widely used in the fine chemical and plastics industries for the production of important organic compounds such as formaldehyde, acetic acid, methyl chloride, methylamine, and dimethyl sulfate. It is also one of the key raw materials used in the manufacture of pesticides and pharmaceuticals.
After deep processing, methanol can be used as a new type of clean fuel and may also be blended with gasoline for combustion. A major application is the oxidation of methanol to formaldehyde, which is carried out directly at high temperature in the presence of pumice silver, catalysts, or other solid catalysts. Currently, more than 40% of global methanol consumption is used for formaldehyde production, which is then further utilized in the synthesis of resins, plastics, and other chemical raw materials. Formaldehyde is also used to manufacture nearly 100 downstream products, including butanediol and hexamethylenetetramine. In addition, polyoxymethylene, an engineering plastic with excellent performance, is produced from methanol-derived intermediates and has extensive applications.
Methanol can also react with ammonia under 370–420°C and 5.0–20.0 MPa, using activated alumina as a catalyst, to produce a mixture of monomethylamine, dimethylamine, and trimethylamine, which are then separated by distillation. These methylamines are widely used in pesticides, pharmaceuticals, dyes, and as organic synthesis intermediates.
In the presence of metal silicon-aluminum catalysts or ZSM-5 molecular sieves, methanol can be dehydrated to produce dimethyl ether. It can also be dehydrogenated to form methyl formate, an important organic synthesis intermediate used in the production of formamide and dimethylformamide. Formamide is widely applied in pharmaceuticals, fragrances, dyes, paper treatment, fiber softening, and as a polar solvent for organic synthesis. Dimethylformamide is an important organic chemical raw material and excellent solvent, commonly used as a gas absorbent, pesticide solvent, in PVC synthetic leather, polyacrylonitrile spinning, and butadiene extraction.
Company Profile
Shandong Rongsheng Chemical Co., Ltd. is situated within a key chemical industrial cluster in Shandong Province. As a comprehensive chemical enterprise integrating manufacturing, research and development, domestic sales and global export services, we mainly deal in basic chemical raw materials and fine‑chemical additives. Our product range is widely applied across rubber‑plastic processing, coatings, printing inks, water treatment and numerous other industrial manufacturing sectors.
Supported by our self‑operated standardized production base, we enforce strict whole‑process quality management internally and offer genuine factory‑direct supply. By removing intermediate links, we provide flexible service packages covering large‑volume bulk orders, custom formula development, tailor‑made packaging and small‑batch sample provision. Our adjustable production capacity allows us to maintain stable delivery to match the diverse demands of international buyers.
Our well‑trained foreign trade team accumulates abundant practical experience in global markets. Being familiar with import requirements and cross‑border logistics rules from various countries and regions, we deliver complete export solutions for overseas partners. Our service scope covers inquiry reply, sample shipment, customized solution design, customs clearance, goods arrangement and after‑sales support.
We stick to our operating principle: quality‑first strategy and win‑win cooperation built on good faith. Supported by stable product performance, diversified service options as well as efficient and compliant delivery capability, we provide cost‑effective and reliable one‑stop chemical supply chain solutions for customers worldwide. We strive to become a trustworthy long‑term business partner in the global fine‑chemical trade industry.
