Product Description
Mineral oil is a highly-refined petroleum distillate. It is colourless-to-pale-yellow in colour, possessing a clear, viscous texture and being essentially odourless. It features a specific gravity of 0.79-0.94 at 15.6 °C and a broad boiling range of approximately 150-894 °C. This substance displays low vapour pressure (<0 kPa at 20 °C), a flash point of 168.33 °C, and is insoluble in water. Its molecular weight varies from approximately 28 to 843.6 g/mol, with carbon-chain lengths covering C9 to C60.
Mineral oil is not a single-component compound but a complex hydrocarbon mixture sourced from crude petroleum. It comprises primarily saturated paraffins, naphthenes and aromatic hydrocarbons. Saturated paraffins refer to linear and branched single-bonded hydrocarbons; naphthenes are ring-structured hydrocarbons that may carry alkyl substituents; aromatics are cyclic compounds characterised by carbon carbon double bonds within their aromatic ring structures.
Properties
| Density | 0.85 g/mL at 20 °C |
| Vapor pressure | 0.0001 hPa (20 °C) |
| Refractive index | n20/D 1.467(lit.) |
| Fp | 185 °C |
| Storage temp. | room temp |
| Solubility | soluble in Chloroform |
| Form | light oil |
| Color | white |
| Odor | Very faint. |
| Water Solubility | insoluble |
| λmax | λ: 260 nm Amax: 0.7 |
| λ: 280 nm Amax: 1.0 | |
| Dielectric constant | 2.1（27℃） |
| EPA Substance Registry System | White mineral oil (petroleum) (8042-47-5) |
| Hazard Codes | Xi |
| Risk Statements | 36/37/38-41 |
| Safety Statements | 23-26-36-24/25 |
| RIDADR | 1263 |
| WGK Germany | 3 |
| RTECS | PY8047000 |
| Autoignition Temperature | >300 °C |
| TSCA | Yes |
| HS Code | 2710 19 85 |
| HazardClass | 3.2 |
| PackingGroup | III |
| Toxicity | LD50 orally in Rabbit: > 5000 mg/kg LD50 dermal Rabbit > 2000 mg/kg |
Product Application
Benefiting from its inert and non-toxic properties, mineral oil enjoys extensive application across a wide range of industries. In the food industry, it functions as a release agent, binder and lubricant. It is also utilised in the medical field as a laxative for both humans and animals. For livestock care, it aids in the treatment of colic, constipation and digestive tract impactions. White mineral oil is FDA-approved for safe use in food-related applications.
From an environmental perspective, mineral oil features low toxicity. It has an aquatic lifespan of 2–3 days and undergoes gradual biodegradation in soil. The product exhibits negligible bioaccumulation and low acute toxicity to plants and animals. Nevertheless, improper operational practices during crude oil extraction, transportation and refining may pose potential environmental risks.
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